<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Аспирантский вестник Поволжья</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2072-2354</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2410-3764</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Samara State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">602350</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35693/AVP602350</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INFECTIOUS DISEASES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНФЕКЦИОННЫЕ БОЛЕЗНИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The characteristics of peripheral blood and immune status in patients with influenza and COVID-19 co-infection</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Характеристика показателей периферической крови и иммунного статуса у пациентов с коинфекцией грипп и COVID-19</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3949-6851</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Safronova</surname><given-names>Yana A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сафронова</surname><given-names>Яна А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>a postgraduate student of the Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры эпидемиологии и инфекционных болезней</p></bio><email>charkina.ya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4994-6633</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pankov</surname><given-names>Aleksandr S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Паньков</surname><given-names>Александр С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Associate professor, Head of the Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases Department, Director of the Research Center</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой эпидемиологии и инфекционных болезней, директор НИЦ</p></bio><email>aspan751@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Orenburg State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Оренбургский государственный медицинский университет»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-03-22" publication-format="electronic"><day>22</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-08-26" publication-format="electronic"><day>26</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>4</fpage><lpage>8</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-10-03"><day>03</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-10-13"><day>13</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Safronova Y.A., Pankov A.S.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Сафронова Я.А., Паньков А.С.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Safronova Y.A., Pankov A.S.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сафронова Я.А., Паньков А.С.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://aspvestnik.ru/2410-3764/article/view/602350">https://aspvestnik.ru/2410-3764/article/view/602350</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Aim</bold> – to study the changes in peripheral blood parameters and immune status in patients with mixed infection and to assess the risks of developing pulmonary fibrosis.</p> <p><bold>Material and methods. </bold>We examined 25 patients aged 23 to 72 years with co-infection in the acute phase of the disease, who were hospitalized at the infectious diseases hospital based in the OrSMU research center. The markers of cellular immunity, percentage of phagocytic cells and phagocytic index, the level of immunoglobulins of classes A, M, G, and cytokines were registered in all examined patients.</p> <p><bold>Results. </bold>The suppression of cellular immunity parameters, primarily the T-immune system, was revealed in elderly patients with co-infection, along with patients with an isolated course of COVID-19. In young and middle-aged patients, we found multidirectional changes in cellular immunity parameters during influenza and COVID-19 co-infection. An increase in IL-6 and TGF-β in the early stages of the disease was registered in patients with an isolated course of COVID-19 infection.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion. </bold>The changes in the immunity during co-infection are not pronounced enough for the development of lungs fibrous in the acute period of the disease. The possibility of detecting influenza viruses in patients with COVID-19 may change the strategy of treatment and suppression of cytokine storm reactions in critically ill patients.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Цель</bold> – изучить изменения параметров периферической крови и иммунного статуса у больных микст-инфекцией и оценить риски развития фиброза легких.</p> <p><bold>Материал и методы. </bold>Обследовано 25 пациентов в возрасте от 23 до 72 лет с коинфекцией в острой фазе заболевания, госпитализированных в ГАУЗ ООКИБ на базе научно-исследовательского центра ОрГМУ. У всех обследованных определены: маркеры клеточного иммунитета, фагоцитарный показатель и фагоцитарный индекс, уровень иммуноглобулинов классов А, М, G, цитокины.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> У пожилых пациентов с коинфекцией наравне с пациентами с изолированным течением COVID-19 выявлена супрессия параметров клеточного иммунитета, в первую очередь Т-системы иммунитета. У молодых и пациентов среднего возраста разнонаправленные изменения параметров клеточного иммунитета при коинфекции гриппа и COVID-19. У пациентов с изолированным течением коронавирусной инфекции выявлено повышение IL-6, TGF-β уже на ранних сроках заболевания.</p> <p><bold>Выводы. </bold>Изменений иммунитета, происходящих при коинфекции в острый период заболевания, недостаточно для развития фиброзных изменений в легких. Возможность обнаружения вирусов гриппа у пациентов с COVID-19 может поменять стратегию лечения и подавления реакций цитокинового шторма у пациентов в критическом состоянии.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>coinfection</kwd><kwd>influenza</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>immune status</kwd><kwd>cytokines</kwd><kwd>pulmonary fibrosis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>коинфекция</kwd><kwd>грипп</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>иммунный статус</kwd><kwd>цитокины</kwd><kwd>фиброз легких</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Ivanova IA, Omelchenko ND, Filippenko AV, et al. Role of the cellular immunity in the formation of the immune response in coronavirus infections. Medical Immunology (Russia). 2021;23(6):1229-1238. (In Russ.). [Иванова И.А., Омельченко Н.Д., Филиппенко А.В., и др. Роль клеточного звена иммунитета в формировании иммунного ответа при коронавирусных инфекциях. Медицинская иммунология. 2021;23(6):1229-1238]. https://doi.org/10.15789/1563-0625-ROT-2302</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Suwanwongse K, Shabarek N. Can Coinfection With Influenza Worsen COVID-19 Outcomes? J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep. 2020;8:2324709620953282. https://doi.org/10.1177/2324709620953282</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Chuchalin AG. Pulmonary fibrosis in patients with COVID-19: A review. Therapeutic archive. 2022;94(11):1333-1339. (In Russ.). [Чучалин А.Г. Фиброз легких у больных, перенесших COVID-19. Терапевтический архив. 2022;94(11):1333-1339]. https://doi.org/10.26442/00403660.2022.11.201943</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Qin C, Zhou L, Hu Z, et al. Dysregulation of immune response in patients with coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;71(15):762-768. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa248</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Usenko DV, Tkhakushinova NKh, Shaturina TT, et al. Acute respiratory infections and flu during the COVID-19 pandemic. What to expect in 2021–2022? Russian Medical Inquiry. 2021;5(11):721-727. (In Russ.). [Усенко Д.В., Тхакушинова Н.Х., Шатурина Т.Т., и др. Острые респираторные инфекции и грипп в период пандемии COVID-19 – к чему готовиться в сезоне 2021–2022 гг.? РМЖ. Медицинское обозрение. 2021;5(11):721-727]. https://doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2021-5-11-721-727</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Kawai S, Fukushima K, Yomota M, et al. Number of Patients with Influenza and COVID-19 Coinfection in a Single Japanese Hospital during the First Wave. Jpn J Infect. 2021;74(6):570-572. https://doi.org/10.7883/yoken.JJID.2020.1009</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Cong B, Deng S, Wang X, Li Y. The role of respiratory co-infection with influenza or respiratory syncytial virus in the clinical severity of COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Glob Health. 2022;12:05040. https://doi.org/10.7189/jogh.12.05040</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
