Vol 15, No 7-8 (2015)
- Year: 2015
- Articles: 33
- URL: https://aspvestnik.ru/2410-3764/issue/view/1370
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/2072-2354.2015.0.7-8
Articles
PHILOSOPHICAL DIALOGUE ON SOCIAL MEMORY: M. HALBWACHS - P. RICOEUR
Abstract
The article analyzes the problems of historical memory through the prism of the dialogue of M. Halbwachs and P. Ricoeur. The authors emphasize the value of philosophical views of M. Halbwachs in the study of historical memory and its dynamics, as well as the “critical mission” of P. Ricoeur in respect of works of M. Halbwachs.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2015;15(7-8):5-7
5-7
THE DIAGNOSTICS OF CITY AND СHRONOTOPE
Abstract
In the article the modern approaches to the understanding of the diagnosis as a form of scientific knowledge are presented in the context of interdisciplinary research. Philosophy diagnostic possibilities offered by the model of city chronotope (time-space) are justified and a typology of urban chronotopes is proposed.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2015;15(7-8):8-10
8-10
11-15
HUMANITARIAN BASIS OF SCIENCES AND DIAGNOSTICSAS А RESOURCE FOR THE MODERN UNIVERSITY
Abstract
Humanities Departments of specialized universities perform a dual task: humanization and humanitarian basis of sciences. The latter implies the diagnostics of time, in which, along with the philosophy, history and medicine, the technical and natural sciences are functioning.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2015;15(7-8):16-18
16-18
THE SEMIOTICS OF THE URBAN SPACE AS AN OBJECT OF REGIONAL BRANDING
Abstract
The article is devoted to the modern theory and practice of territorial branding, to the creation of the cities’ images as the expression of regional identity in the global context. The author analyzes the tourists’ reflection as the region’s identification resource.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2015;15(7-8):19-21
19-21
PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERING EDUCATION IN RUSSIA: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS (SOCIAL AND PHILOSOPHIC ANALYSIS)
Abstract
The article presents the socio-philosophical analysis of the problem of Russian engineering education. It provides analytical information on the state of engineering in Russia. The author analyzes the factors that negatively affected the engineering activity. The main directions of innovation in engineering schools were systematized. Particular attention is paid to the philosophical aspects of comprehension of training strategies in engineering and technology.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2015;15(7-8):22-25
22-25
26-29
FORMATION OF ANALYTICAL JURISPRUDENCE IN DISCUSSION BOUT CORRELATION BETWEEN MORALITY AND LAW
Abstract
The article describes historical background of the emergence of analytical jurisprudence. The paper presents a review of the G. Hart’s theory of law with focus on his attitude to the presence of elements of morality in the law. Hart’s teaching is opposed to the concept of Fuller, who has another point of view. The author comes to conclusion about the significant role of the discussion about the relations of morality and law in the formation of modern analytical jurisprudence as an integrative teaching, which unites all the existing theoretical legal concepts into one, and the need for analytical jurisprudence as an independent science is stated.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2015;15(7-8):30-33
30-33
THE FUNCTIONAL-TOPOLOGICAL MODEL OF SPACE DEVELOPMENT (ON THE EXAMPLES OF THE SQUAREOF GLORY IN SAMARA, THE SAMARA CONURBATIONAND THE HISTORICAL PART OF SAINT PETERSBURG)
Abstract
The article deals with abstract movement, which comprises the base of every development and which is symbolized by ten ancient principles. The authors regard the 24-hour cycle as a form of this movement and distinguish eight functional zones. Every function is defined on the levels of architectural ensemble, surrounding buildings and conurbation. As the result of the research, the authors draw the conclusion that the highest principles and cardinal directions are important factors of development.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2015;15(7-8):34-40
34-40
WORLD OF SMELLS IN THE PHILOSOPHICAL AND CULTURAL LANDSCAPE OF THE WORLD (THE OPPOSITION “OWN” AND “ALIEN” IN THE NOVEL “FRIGATE “PALLADA”” BY GONCHAROV)
Abstract
The article is devoted to interpretation of the phenomenon of smell as a steady dominant of national and cultural system. The author’s view on this problem is that the evaluation of smell is based on the analysis of the Russian fictional prose. Special attention is given to the search for the scientific bases of fixing of an art picture of the world by the Russian writers through the smell prism - the aromas, fragrances perceived by heroes in different meanings. In this article, the world of smells in I. Goncharov’s works is analyzed to the fullest extend and is transmitted through opposition “own” - “alien”.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2015;15(7-8):41-45
41-45
SOME PRINCIPAL FEATURES OF FUTURE SOCIETY IN THE VIEWS OF IDEOLOGICAL PREDECESSORS OF EUROPEAN SOCIAL DEMOCRACY: SOCIAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL ASPECTS
Abstract
The political conceptual ideas of transformation and development of the new society at the down of social-democratic movement are considered in this article in the contexts of urgent tasks of contemporary social-state reforming in Russia. Left-radical tendencies are the typical features of the social life of Russia. They have developed in the 2nd half of the XIX - early XX centuries. The ideas have defined the development of the state, society and personality, including the Post-Soviet Russia.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2015;15(7-8):46-52
46-52
DIAGNOSIS IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE
Abstract
The subject of this paper is the diagnostic aspect of traditional medical practices. Natural text of preliterate culture appears as semiotically heterogeneous field, endless in the variety of semantic relations. Nonliterate consciousness has developed a special culture of diagnosis and prognosis of the disease situation. The diagnosis concerns the fundamental conditions (life/death). Diseases are not initially prescribed a certain course of development. Within the natural text, a disease is a sacred and cosmic event, and one can read it only by certain signs, which defines the importance of omens. A spoken (or written) word also played a diagnostic role. The fundamental difference between traditional and scientific medicine is determined by their belonging to different types of cultural texts.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2015;15(7-8):53-55
53-55
ON THE TWO APPROACHES OF CONSCIOUSNESS RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE
Abstract
The two approaches of understanding the nature of consciousness and its altered states are considered in this article. The first one states that consciousness has local nature and the main objective of research is to find correlates between the phenomena of consciousness and the corresponding neuronal structures of brain. From the perspective of the second approach, the individual consciousness has non-local nature and is inseparably connected with the informational fields of the Universe, society and separate social groups, which generates “extended” consciousness states of high level (such as meditation, trans, and etc.).
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2015;15(7-8):56-59
56-59
DIAGNOSTICS OF YOUTH STREET ART-PRACTICE: STRATEGY OF RESISTANCE AND SELF-REALIZATION IN GRAFFITI AND STREET ART
Abstract
The article discusses the influence of the spiritual environment of the city on the generation of new cultural practices - graffiti and street art. The author considers the dynamics of functions of these art practices from «strategies of resistance» of 1970-s to the source of thrills and a medium of creative self-realization in our days.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2015;15(7-8):60-63
60-63
THE CONCEPT OF DEMOCRACY IN THE SCIENTIFIC WORKSOF M.K. MAMARDASHVILI
Abstract
This article analyzes the social and philosophical works of the Soviet philosopher Merab Mamardashvili. These works are connected by the topical issue of democratization of postauthoritarian society. On the example of the birthplace of democracy - Greek policies - Mamardashvili identifies three components of successful democratization: heroic pathos, civic virtue - active participation of every citizen in the public life of the country, and the existence of the public law. Rejection of the democratic institutions of society, in which there is no daily practice of conscious participation of citizens in the life of the country and local communities, is stated. On the basis of the study, the article outlines the mechanisms of effective democratization of the Russian society.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2015;15(7-8):64-66
64-66
THE PROBLEM OF VERITY OF THE ARTISTIC IMAGE ACCORDINGTO SEMIOTIC APPROACH
Abstract
The article deals with the problem of verity/authenticity of the imaginative form according to semiotic approach. The imaginative form is seen as an aesthetic sign that exists in the context of three dimensions of semiosis: semantic, syntactic and pragmatic. At the level of semantics, we discuss the plot, what is represented in the picture; at the level of syntax - the way of space organization of the canvas, the interaction of picture elements, i.e. the composition; at the level of pragmatics we consider how the pictorial image is inscribed in the reality of man and how he is able to change this reality, as far as the activity of the delineation is relevant to the subject perceiving it.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2015;15(7-8):67-71
67-71
TOPOLOGY AND TEMPORALITY
Abstract
The article deals with the topological bases of temporal aspects of the cosmological problem. This problem is specified according to the question about the limits of universal process. The aporetic analysis reveals a basic contradiction of ontological principles. The article points to the possibility of withdrawal of the topological aporetics in the totality of gestalt as a place of disclosure of creative potential of the dynamic substrate.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2015;15(7-8):72-77
72-77
PHILOSOPHICAL GROUNDS FOR THE FORMATION OF CHEMISTRY AS A THEORETICAL SCIENCE
Abstract
In this article the ontological and epistemological grounds for the formation of the subject of chemistry as a mature theoretical science are analyzed. It is shown that an important role in this process was played by the principle of natural philosophy of atomism and its transformation into a scientific one. The stages of the development of chemistry are associated with the identification of the internal structure of explored subject. Finishing of the formation of classical chemistry is associated with the creation of its own ontological bases and general chemical theory.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2015;15(7-8):78-81
78-81
ARCHITECTONICS OF THE CONCEPT OF NATUREIN THE LIGHT OF RECENT IDEAS OF EUROPEAN PHILOSOPHY
Abstract
The new European thought reveals the futility of claims of “fragmented” European consciousness to understanding the concept of nature. It is methodologically necessary to extend the research methodology of this concept, trying to speak the language of symbols. In this article the nature concept in the situation of the original thinking is analyzed in the context of historical semantics of the words that are close to the ancient φύσις.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2015;15(7-8):82-84
82-84
SOCIOCULTURAL BACKGROUND OF FORMATION OF PHILOSOPHICAL CATEGORY «QUALITY»
Abstract
The paper discusses and analyzes the major socio-cultural features of antiquity, the Middle Ages and modern times, on the basis on which some preconditions of quality category were identified. The author defines the main essential characteristics of quality as dialectical categories. The study formulated the concept of the category of «quality» in these historical and philosophical periods.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2015;15(7-8):85-89
85-89
FROM «STRANGER» TO «OTHER»: THE PROBLEM OF INTERACTION BETWEEN COMMUNITIES IN PHENOMENOLOGY OF «DAS FREMDE»
Abstract
The article is devoted to consideration of the semantic maintenance of a phenomenon «das fremde» in phenomenological philosophy and sociology. The article discloses distinction between such concepts as «stranger», «another», «other», each of which means some specific structure of social relations. The differentiation of concepts like that allows us to make clear mechanisms of interaction between communities with another cultural authentication.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2015;15(7-8):90-94
90-94
TYPOLOGY OF «NONES»: CULTURAL, POLITICAL AND SOCIAL POTENTIAL
Abstract
The article offers a brief summary of the author’s study of the phenomenon of the “nones” in Russia and abroad. The growth of the number of the “nones” noted in sociological researches attracts attention of various groups of scientists, politicians, theologians, journalists. The author not only makes an attempt of theoretical generalization of the existing points of view on the “nones”, but also addresses to the problem of inaccuracies and inconsistencies in the development of the concept itself. The article highlights the lack of studies based on the method of cause-consequence analysis, and postulates the need for typological and longitudinal studies. According to the results of the author’s research based on observations, polls, analytics, monitoring of mass media and the Internet, a variant of a multilevel overlap-type classification of “nones” is offered. The classification is based on several criteria (causes and accentuations) and includes a brief description of the types and their subgroups. The author analyzes the level of socialization of these types, their capacity for the social unity and social activities, the specifics of value and aesthetic preferences.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2015;15(7-8):95-101
95-101
THE DILEMMA OF INCLUSION - EXCLUSION AS A TRANSCENDENTAL PREREQUISITE OF THE PHILOSOPHICAL ACT (BASED ON THE LIFE OF THALES OF MILETUS)
Abstract
The article discusses some transcendental by their status ontological prerequisites of philosophical thinking and philosophical activity related to the contextual plan of thinking. The way of formation of human spirituality, from the state of being obsessed by the outside world to the formation of a discreet, prudent attitude towards it, is considered in the given article. It suggests that the choice of one position in the dilemma “inclusion - exclusion” is a constitutive factor of philosophical thinking and the human mode of existence.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2015;15(7-8):102-108
102-108
THE PROBLEM OF CONCEPTUALIZING SOCIAL REALITY IN THE PHENOMENOLOGICAL PHILOSOPHY
Abstract
The article investigates the problem of conceptualizing social reality in the phenomenological philosophy. In this paper the author argues that A. Schyuts, P. Berger and T. Lukman displaced the main emphasis in its understanding towards the person under the influence of phenomenology of E. Husserl. The starting point in the conceptualization of social reality in the phenomenological philosophy is constructive activities of human consciousness.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2015;15(7-8):109-112
109-112
THE CONCEPT OF PRODUCTION OF PRESENCE IN THE CONTEXT OF VISUAL STUDIES
Abstract
In this paper, an analysis of the concept of production of presence of H.-U. Gumbrecht was made. It contains a summary and explanation of the basic categories and relationships. It also provides a framework in which this concept can be applied in the field of visual studies. This scientific field, according to the author and some researchers, rests on the solid wall of its ideological sources and, therefore, cannot solve its internal problems.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2015;15(7-8):113-117
113-117
DIALECTICS OF KNOWLEDGE: CAN THE SUBJECT INFLUENCE ANYTHING?
Abstract
The article simulates mechanics of the transition from theory to reality; it examines the dialectics of knowledge and practice. The answer to the question about the influence is given in terms of Christian logic of paradox, which represents knowledge as acting through non-acting with the mediation of a middle term - desire. The article touches upon Hegel`s theory of truth in the contemporary deconstructed world.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2015;15(7-8):118-123
118-123
THE ISSUES OF RESEARCH OF THE UNCERTAINTY CONCEPT IN THE HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY AND SCIENCEOF THE CLASSICAL PERIOD
Abstract
The article is dedicated to the definition of the specificity of the «uncertainty» concept research in philosophy and science of the classical period. The issues of the research of the concept of uncertainty are pointed out in the “classics-nonclassics” system. The most suitable research scheme is the scheme of the analysis of uncertainty in the aspect of its comparison with the object and the subject of knowledge and in the context of the subject-object interaction. There is a similar concept in the history of philosophy that is very close to the concept of uncertainty. It is the concept of “doubt”, that can be found in the doctrines from the Antiquity to the German classical philosophy.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2015;15(7-8):124-128
124-128
SOCIAL MEMORY AND PARADIGMS OF RUSSIAN PHILOSOPHY OF THE XIX-XX CENTURIES
Abstract
This article presents a variety of social memory conceptions in the Russian philosophical paradigm of knowledge of the XIX-XX centuries. Special interpretation of social memory leads its understanding to other conceptual meanings, which are not characteristic of Western thought.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2015;15(7-8):129-132
129-132
«NIGERIAN LETTER»: POWER, CONTROL, MANIPULATION BY THE MEDIA
Abstract
The article is devoted to philosophical and cultural analysis of the «Nigerian letter». In the modern world this phenomenon is known as a form of legal violation, spam on the Internet. Special attention is focused on the understanding of this phenomenon in the context of implementation in the environment of the media of power as a possible means of communicative influence - manipulation. This text actualizes the existential needs of people in specific for consumption culture forms - such rhetoric of management as the level and quality of life. Clash of semantic contexts «level» and «quality» forms the border between the real and the desired. A «Nigerian letter» creates the effect of overcoming this boundary, manipulates these meanings of reality, asserts features and possibilities of improving life.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2015;15(7-8):133-137
133-137
VIOLENCE AS A WAY OF TRANSFORMING SOCIETYIN THE CONCEPTIONS OF THE PRECURSORS OF RUSSIAN SOCIAL DEMOCRACY: SOCIAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL ASPECTS OF THE PROBLEM
Abstract
The article presents an analysis of the populist and left radical anarchist conceptions of social development in Russia in the second half of the XIX century, which are based on one dominant principle (with all their diversity of approaches to the transformation of the society) - violence.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2015;15(7-8):138-141
138-141
ЕХISTENTIAL AND RELIGIOUS CONCEPT OF THE FREEDOM OF CHOICE IN THE STORY OF V. BYKOV «OBELISK»
Abstract
The article discusses the events of the war in the occupied territories and the existence of the freedom of choice in the «border», «stressful» situations «either-or» in the story of writer and veteran V. Bykov «Obelisk». The idea of existential and religious self-sacrifice in the story is revealed in the image of the teacher Moroz, whose prototype was the famous Polish educator Y. Korchak. Teacher Moroz supported the students condemned to death to the last, trying to save them at the cost of his life, and voluntarily went to the scaffold.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2015;15(7-8):142-147
142-147
ACTUAL PAST: PLACE OF “MEMORY STUDIES” IN THE SYSTEM OF MODERN HUMANITARIAN RESEARCHES
Abstract
Nowadays the phenomenon of the past takes a special place in the field of actual directions of humanitarian researches- it attracts attention of not only historians, but also culturologists, philosophers, politicians, etc. This article is devoted to the analysis of the reasons for such interest of humanitarian researchers in the phenomena of the past, memory, heritage (so-called “memory studies”). All variety of the reasons is divided into the reasons of psychological, communicative and technological, scientific and methodological, sociocultural, political and ideological type.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2015;15(7-8):148-151
148-151
THE VALUE OF EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Abstract
The article is devoted to the value of education in the world as a dynamic concept for creating a sustainable society. The last decade is celebrated by big efforts of many states to implement international treaties in this area. Education for sustainable development is based on the axiological paradigm that has philosophical methodological basis, reflects national strategy, customs and traditions. The educational theory and practice has to be subordinated to universal values of humanity, respect for nature and human dignity. It can be done by means of explanatory and educational work and inclusion of the purposes and problems of sustainable development in the curricula of teachers.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2015;15(7-8):152-156
152-156