Vol 12, No 7-8 (2012)

Understanding the world of another culture involves identification of the nature and specification of the creation, existence and development of such a world, as well as the comparison and the mutual transfer of ideas that are relevant for different cultural worlds. On this basis, this article designs two problems generated from each other: an understanding as a procedure and objectives of the social and humanitarian research and the coordination and interconversion of different cultural beliefs. In connection with this hermeneutic where the understanding was considered as a special research technique constituting its differentia specifica, is analysed.

In the article the matrixes risk typology in business activity is presented. The idea that the risk as the basic element of business activity is considered and as a classification sign on the basis of which it is possible to carry out distinctions between types of business activity expresses.

This article is devoted to the question of social freedom not in its classical understanding of the freedom as «free wills», but as freedom of spirit. From this point of view the freedom is not connected with a life style but with its irrational contents. In this regard we consider the freedom as a process, but not as a subject. According to the non-classical tradition the social freedom having its external orientation is secondary in the relation to the spiritual internal freedom.

In the article V.V. Nalimov's notions of the essence and meaning of probability concepts in philosophical and scientific discourse are shown. In the light of the historical process the genesis of the probabilistic representation, its role in the formation of the philosophical conceptions of the language and consciousness are considered. The potential capabilities of the probabilistic representation in philosophy are thoroughly analyzed by the example of the use of the syllogism of Bayes in V.V. Nalimov's philosophical conception. The thesis of the explanatory power of the syllogism of Bayes is propounded while studying of the universal philosophical categories.

Contradictoriness and coherence of both medical and social main aspects of euthanasia problem are considered within a structurally functional approach where the functions of the social institute, its place in the social structure, and also the interrelation of various social institutes are investigated. Thus, the solution of the problem of euthanasia within a social aspect and philosophical one, is investigated by the author by means of the analysis of activity features and interaction of the social and medical institutes directed on the assistance to people, suffering from chronic and incurable diseases. As those the health care institute, legal institutes, ethical committees, the institute of social work, the family institute, religion, etc. are considered. This approach assumes the identification of modern contradictions and coherence of the mentioned institutes, disclosure of the structurally functional changes caused in them, and also the analysis of change of norms and values in spheres where it is assisted in the field of health which is directly connected with a humanization of the most philosophical problem of death and dying as a whole.

The article discusses the bases for the display of various imitative intentions of the agent not only as a process of self-building of a person's character but also as a transfer to the paradigm of rizomorphism in post-modernism. The imitation as a social phenomenon has a long history, responses and instincts are introduced in a person's structure initially, the realization of which is automatically accompanied by the appearance of pseudo-realities.

This article deals with the concept of the selectivity exposure to information, and analyzes it's like a basis in virtual communities study.

This article analyses fear as a main human emotion. The general description of fear and types of fear are considered. Existential and religious fears are compared. Their common and especial features are shown.

The development of specific products (media structures) proves that mass media should be considered as an environment. Existing in various forms - either in need of installation or not - these media structures do not create the reality; they help to develop a reality effect. Like any other effects, the reality effect may be arbitrary or controversial. Nevertheless, the obtained created effect has the only goal to make the observer perceive what he\she sees (hears, reads) by means of mass media as something that actually exists.

The article studies the conversion process of SADC's organizational structure, after the collapse of apartheid, and it analyzes the functions of its organs and the role of South Africa in the new structure.

In this article the problem of differentiation of powers of court of cassation instance is dwelt on and the criterion of their functioning is offered.

The article contains the analysis of the civil society as a legal phenomenon. The civil society is considered as the subject of the enterprise law supervising implementation of economic policy of the governments, and also to smooth actions of realization of the economic power of businessmen. The civil society is urged to counterbalance the state in its influence on economy by establishment of limits of such intervention. The civil society is not considered as hierarchical, horizontal device of control of activity of the state and other participants of the market and economic relations. The market interest of the civil society is the interest of self-preservation.

The paper has an analysis of the practical application of technologies which used for a social adaptation by educational institutions. The paper identifies the causes and characteristics of the technologies used in the work both with Russian students and students of other culture.

The article analyzes the results of a study conducted in the city of Kazan, and partly in the areas of the Republic of Tatarstan for the study of social adaptation of children with mental retardation in correctional schools VIII species. The article is based on interviews with experts and directors of correctional schools of Tatarstan, as well as an analysis of publications on a similar theme.

This article is devoted to pre-school and school education of blind children in the Tatar Republic while the organization of accessibility environment. This research demonstrates the opinion of most experts concerning the principles of inclusive education, and illustrates the successful integration of blind persons with disabilities through and dew to educational technology.

This article is about the specificity of the Internet communications on the social loneliness of modern teenagers and of the interrelation as an example of the Republic of Mary El.

The Samara region is multiethnic region, for many years there is constant and increasing migration flow to the Samara region. The analysis of interaction of migrants with a school shows that the school is the most important adaptation mechanism of the migrant's children and the migrants. The adaptation mechanism through the school influences not only the children from the families of labor migrants, but also their parents, since the school is the space where the migrants meet with the outside, "official" world. Ways finding of harmonious joining of the migrant's children the new social environment of the educational institution and the prevention of interpersonal and intergroup conflicts based on the ethnic ground is represented by very urgent task. Also, one of the research tasks was the attempt to define the effective criteria of adaptation and integration of social, cultural and psychological markers.