Vol 13, No 3-4 (2013)

The article deals with the semantic field of the first ten decimal digits of the number Pi. The analysis is based on the 25-element structureе of the Saankhya, the old Indian philosophy of Numbers, on the conception of the ancient Tetractys, the system of emanations (aeons) etc. The method of description and interpretation can be used for decoding the next decimal sings of the number Pi.

University festivals, which grew as internal and corporate holidays, have a profound effect on the city. This problem is considered in the large historical and cultural context, beginning from the festivals of the oldest universities until the large-scale Universiade and the university festivals in Samara - the city with over a million dwellers. The university festivals are interpreted as a phenomenon of the culture that has a big impact on the development of the city. The internal function of the university festivals is the consolidation of the professors and the students; the external one is the formation of the spirit of the city and the citizens. Theoretical conceptions consolidating modern festivals with the human capital formation and humanization of the urban environment are discussed in the article.

This article is dedicated to the assessment of the existing strategies of evaluation of money value. The concept “value of money” in social-philosophical aspect is considered. The concept “converter of values” is introduced; the properties of different converters are compared.

Typologization is a universal method of knowledge, including the context of studying of philosophical, culturological and historical perspective. The importance of perception of time as the basis for allocation of various historical and cultural types is justified in the article.The author's concept of a chronotypology of cultures is entered, and also various typologies of culture withdiachronic and synchronous options are presented. Special attention in the concept of chronotypology is paid to the phenomenon of the past in various aspects - its perception in itself, the attitude towards it in comparison with other modes of time (present and future), the place of the past (traditions, ceremonies) in the system of values of this or that historical and cultural community.

This article presents the history and the development of the state social policy in Germany between the 1880s and the 1920s. The author analyses the social legislation of those years; special attention is paid to the social and legal foundations of the Weimar Constitution of 1919.

This article analyzes the debate among legal professionals of the NEP era about the nature of legal regulation of civil turnover. The conclusion is that in a split of justice the lawyers were not able to develop a clear legal concept. As a result, the current legislation was ahead of the development of the doctrine. Under these conditions, the legal regulation of public bodies and businesses proved to be beyond the Civil Code.

The article presents the approaches of the first Russian Social Democrats towards the famine of 1891-1892, towards its causes and consequences; notes the concurrence of positions and fundamental differences, which existed among the Social Democrats on the question of aid to the starving population and in the attitude towards the peasantry as a potential ally in the forthcoming revolutionary struggle.

The article is devoted to the development of the English Royal army under Charles II. The paper considers the aspect of integration of the army during the Anglo-Dutch wars of 1660-1670-s. It shows the interaction of the systems of mobilization of military resources in the condition of lack of money and counteraction of the public opinion. The result of the study of this aspect was the conclusion that the Crown could use a field army, mainly recruited from the militia in limited situations. This approach began to falter with the development of regular troops on the continent, which has become a battlefield for the British army in the late XVII century.

Currently, the pharmaceutical market of the Russian Federation noted the shortage of personnel. Thus, graduates of pharmaceutical faculties are motivated when choosing future place of work and employment. After graduation, 39% of graduates want to work as pharmacy managers; 36% want to work as medical representatives of pharmaceutical and medical companies; 15% want to work in pharmacy organizations. 16 % of graduates are ready to work at Centers for quality control of drugs; 14 % want to work for pharmaceutical companies; 11% dream of becoming a teacher at medical college or university. About 50 % of senior pharmaceutical students want to receive very high salaries. In order to unite the interests of graduates and employers, Samara State Medical University developed an electronic register of pharmaceutical graduates of institutions of higher education in the Volga Federal District.

The paper describes a model of a research university. It presents the concepts of a research university, a research park and a business incubator, examines the experience of the implementation of the model of a research university abroad and in Russia.