Vol 18, No 5-6 (2018)

The aim of the study was the development of quantitation technique of some drugs in whole blood by means of thin-layer chromatography with videodensitometry. The study subject were model samples of whole blood containing barbital, phenobarbital, barbamyl (amobarbital). The identification parameters of drugs by thin-layer chromatography were defined, interferences of blood matrix and other drugs were studied. Limits of detection in blood samples were 600,0 ng/ml (5,0 μg/spot) for barbital, phenobarbital, barbamyl. The chromatogram scanning and processing images calibration models by using videodensitometry computer program were employed for quantitation. The calibration model is described by polynomial (square) regression. The limits of quantitation for different drugs ranges from 1200,0 to 1500,0 ng/ml; accuracy and precision don’t exceed 23%. Conclusion. The quantitation technique of some barbiturtes in whole blood by thin-layer chromatography with videodensitometry was developed. The ranges of quantitation allow to use this technique for forensic chemistry and clinical analitycal toxicology.

In this paper, we present the results of a comparative study of the antimicrobial activity of aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts from the herb of meadowsweed (Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim.) and the dropwort (Filipendula hexapetala Gilib.). The results of the investigation showed that herbal nfusion of meadowsweed acts against gram-positive bacterium B. cereus, herbal infusion of the dropwort falciparum is active against gram-positive bacteria S. aureus and yeast-like C. albicans fungus. Tinctures (1 : 5) from the herb of both species o showed less pronounced activity as compared to herbal infusions.

The problem of social responsibility is becoming more and more important both for the state and the society. More and more companies are involved in social dialogue, in cooperation between business and society trying to create the image and reputation of a socially responsible company and to meet public expectations for their products or service. This study presents the analysis of social responsibility in large pharmacy chains of St. Petersburg. The obtained data allow to conclude that the conditions for development and scientific foundation of the methodology of social responsibility in the pharmacy business have appeared.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the consumption of prescription drugs in the pharmaceutical organizations of the Samara region. Using the example of the pharmacy network of Samara region the structure of consumption of Rx medicines was studied. The results of the study made it possible to determine the medicines having maximum sales volumes in physical and monetary matters; the predominant groups according to anatomical, therapeutic and chemical classification depending on the sales volumes.

Background. The frequency of premature rupture of the membranes (PROM) ranges from 2.7 to 17%. The main problem of the PROM is the increased risk of septic complications for both the mother and the fetus. Histopathological tests of placenta proves to be important for the diagnosis of choriomnionitis and in the prognosis of newborn’s intrauterine infection. The aim of the research is to reveal the most significant histological changes in the placenta and fetal membranes with PROM in full-term pregnancy as compared to the placental complex of patients with intact fetal membrane and onset of labor. Materials and methods. Our study included 88 pregnant women at 37-42 weeks of pregnancy. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, patients were divided into two groups. Primary group included 58 patients with term pregnancy who were diagnosed PROM and underwent caesarean section within 6 hours. Control group included 30 patients without PROM and uterine contractions with elective caesarean section. Exclusion criteria for both groups were specific viral and/or bacterial infections during the pregnancy, severe extragenital maternal pathology and complications of gestation (hypertension, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, fetal anomalies), the presence of any signs of infection within the last 48 hours. A standard morphological study of the placenta and membranes was performed, the sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin. Results. Newborn outcomes did not significantly differ in both groups, the physiological course of adaptation was present in 44 (75.86%) children in the primary group and 24 (80%) in the control group. Morphological signs of the inflammatory process in the fetal membranes and placenta were found in both the primary and control groups. However, diffuse inflammatory process, especially in combination with phlebitis and funiculitis was observed three times frequently in patients with PROM. Conclusion. We did not find a significant correlation between the severity of inflammatory changes in the placenta and clinical sings of the intrauterine infection in groups with PROM and intact fetal membrane. Inflammatory changes in the placenta and fetal membranes were equally observed in both groups, but the lesions were more diffuse and difficult in the group with PROM.

Hearing loss in patients of the older age group is a common problem which contributes to both age-related changes and cardiovascular disorders in the history. The aim of the work was to assess the stiffness of the vascular wall in elderly patients with arterial hypertension in the presence and absence of complaints of hearing. The study involved 40 patients who in addition to the hearing study were measured the stiffness of the vascular wall on the VaSera VS-1000 device (Fukuda Denshi, Japan). The results show that the absence of complaints of hearing loss does not exclude the possibility of hearing disorders. In 75% of cases the correlation between vascular stiffness and the intensity of auditory disorders was revealed.

Nowadays the peculiarities of the changes of the parameters of heart biomechanics and kinetics of the main arteries in case of extrasystole has not been studied well. The changes of these parameters may cause different complications. The existing classifications of extrasystole are based on the localization of the ectopic center, but there is no classification of types of extrasystole which takes into consideration the time of their appearance in cardiac cycle. In this article, hemodynamics and biomechanics of the main arteries in different types of extrasystole are described. The changes of main parameters like speed, acceleration, power, work are evaluated. The main adverse effects of extrasystole are determined in the article. We offer the functional classification of extrasystole in relation to the moment of its appearance in cardiac cycle. We also validate the clinical applicability of this classification.

The study included 36 patients (25 men and 11 women) with a paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF), who were performed radiofrequency ablation of pulmonary vein (RFA PV). Depending on the presence or absence of recurrence within 3 to 6 months after RFA all patients were divided into 2 groups. 22 people (61%) received warfarin, dabigatran was received by 14 people (39%) as an anticoagulant. Dabigatran in a daily dosage of 220 mg and 300 mg provided a comparable clinical effect preventing thromboembolic complications in patients after RFA PV. Preoperative examination shows that patients with a low risk of recurrence within 6 months after the RFA PV may be recommended dabigatran at a daily dose of 220 mg.

The article evaluates the effectiveness of the centers of restorative treatment as exemplified by the children’s department of the rehabilitation treatment of SBHCI SR “SMOC No. 3”. The state of children’s health assessment included the analysis of the disease incidence within 2016-2017. Deterioration of visual function increased by 6.5% in 2017 while the number of children with respiratory system disorders decreased by 5.8%. Positive dynamics was registered in 94.9% of children.

The article studies the technique of local destruction of colorectal liver metastases. 298 sessions of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) were performed in 182 patients. 20 patients underwent cryodestruction. 18 patients underwent percutamenous microwave ablation (MVA) and in 4 cases it was combined with hepatic resection. Applicability of various combinations of local thermal destruction methods is studied in the article. After the RFA, 45 (15.1%) cases of complications and 2 lethal outcomes were noted in the postoperative period. Severe life-threatening complications were revealed in 12 (4.02%) patients. Repeated RFA sessions were complicated more often: in 11.1% of cases as compared to primary 5.1% of observations (р < 0.01). Complications caused by bile duct trauma in particular were much more frequent in cases when foci were localized in central liver segments and in the left lobe (р < 0.01). Complications after cryodestruction were noted in 8 (40%) patients including 2 (10%) cases of severe complications. There were no lethal outcomes of cryodestruction. Indications and contraindications to the use of local destruction in colorectal liver metastases were determined. Characteristics of postoperative management of patients after thermal destruction have been revealed. RFA for colorectal liver metastases resulted in 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- and 5-year survival rates in 84.2; 56.7; 39.7; 28.4 and 23.4% respectively. Median survival is 30 months. Cryodestruction for CRC liver metastases resulted in 1, 2, 3 and 5-year survival rates in 72.2; 62.2; 25.2 and 6.4% respectively. Median survival is 28 months. Incomplete destruction of neoplasms near the main vessels was revealed in 4 (22.2%) cases after MBA. In the postoperative period subcapsular biloma was found in 1 (5.5%) case. Right-sided hydrothorax was noted in 4 (22.2%) cases, in 1 (5.5%) case it required pleural puncture. The use of MBA and various combinations of methods of local destruction requires further study. All patients after the interventions with the use of thermal destruction underwent adjuvant chemotherapy, and in 18 cases chemoembolization was performed. Thermal methods of local destruction should be considered as a reasonable alternative to existing surgical methods and in some cases as a component of combined treatment of hepatic cancer metastatic. Treatment outcomes in patients with hepatic cancer treated by means of various methods of destruction, as well as their combination and in case of liver resection depend on the factors of prognosis like time of detection, localization, size, number and type of a tumor.

Periodontal diseases each year preserve the state of the commonest forms of dental pathology. The study was aimed at investigating the functional parameters of periodontal tissues in case of chronic generalized periodontitis when the conventional treatment was combined with laser treatment. 300 people with chronic generalized periodontitis of medium severity were examined. The investigation of functional indicators of periodontal tissues state while laser therapy revealed significan health benefit for periodontal tissues state.

Basing on World Cup 2018 we proposed to use gravitational therapy to facilitate rehabilitation of athletes and football players in particular. The article presents interdisciplinary analysis (technology and medicine) of the quality of the football pitch, and it is viewed as a time- and space-limited environment of the most qualified athletes which contributes to high risk of traumatism. Due to the tight schedule of the World Cup tournament it’s important to minimize the rehabilitation period for football players. Gravitational therapy proved to be an efficient in the treatment of the patients with traumas, orthopaedic disorders, limb ischaemia. Due to the lack of official trauma statistics during World Cup tournament, it is estimated by means of indirect methods.

The aim of the article is to present improvement of immediate and remote treatment outcomes of patients with metastases in cervical and supraclavicular lymph nodes after surgical treatment of esophageal cancer. Materials and methods. Metastases in cervical and supraclavicular lymph nodes after surgical treatment of esophageal cancer are found in 7-12% of cases. Following classical cervical lymph nodes tele-irradiation 25 patients underwent cervical lymph node dissection. Crile’s operation or radical neck dissection is the standard operation for removal of malignant cervical lymph nodes. Results. Special attention should be paid to the life expectancy of 25 patients who underwent the combined therapy for esophageal cancer recurrence in cervical lymph nodes: 10 people (40.0 ± 9.8%) have survived two-year limit and 5 patients (20.0 ± 8.6%) lived for three years. Conclusion. The presence of cervical lymph nodes metastases in patients with esophageal cancer is not always the sign of a patient’s hopeless condition. Early detection of recurrent tumors and their combined treatment allow to achieve a significant improvement of long-term results.